中国西北部的一个卫星发射中心，展示中国宇航员的广告牌。周一，中国表示计划在2030年之前实现载人登月。 Hector Retamal/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images
China plans to complete a mission to land a person on the moon by 2030, a government official announced on Monday, in the highest-level confirmation of China’s ambitions for a crewed lunar landing.
一名政府官员周一宣布，中国计划在2030年前完成载人登月任务，这是对中国载人登月雄心的最高级别确认。
Chinese scientists have previously nodded at a 2030 goal in a less formal capacity; for example, the chief designer of China’s lunar exploration program said last month that a 2030 landing would be “no problem.”
此前，中国科学家曾以较为非官方的身份对2030年的登月目标表示认可；中国探月工程总设计师就曾在上个月表示，2030年登陆“没问题”。
“We can clasp the moon in the ninth heaven,” Lin Xiqiang, the deputy director of China’s Manned Space Agency, said at a news conference on Monday, quoting a Mao Zedong poem.
中国载人航天工程办公室副主任林西强在周一的新闻发布会上引用了一句毛泽东的诗句：“可上九天揽月。”
Mr. Lin said the moon landing project, part of the country’s broader Lunar Exploration Project — also known as the Chang’e Project, for the Chinese moon goddess — had “recently” been kick-started, though he did not offer specifics. The project would also seek to enable short-term stays on the lunar surface, as well as collect samples and conduct research, he said.
林西强说，登月计划已在“最近”启动，但没有提供具体细节。该计划属于中国更广泛的探月工程的一部分，该工程也被称为嫦娥工程，这个名字来自中国神话中住在月亮上的仙女。他说，该项目还将寻求在月球短期驻留，以及采集样本并进行研究。
The Monday announcement came at a news conference to mark the liftoff of three new astronauts on Tuesday to China’s new space station, which was completed late last year.
周一的公告是在介绍即将前往中国新空间站的三名新宇航员的新闻发布会上发布的，该空间站于去年年底建设完成。
A manned lunar landing would be a major milestone for China’s, and the world’s, space exploration: No human has been on the moon since the United States’ Apollo missions in the 1960s and ’70s. And it could mark a significant achievement for China in its burgeoning competition with the United States in space. China’s top leader, Xi Jinping, has said that the country should become a “great space power.”
载人登月将成为中国乃至世界太空探索的一个重要里程碑：自20世纪60年代和70年代美国的阿波罗计划以来，还没有人登上月球。这可能标志着中国在与美国进展迅速的太空竞争中取得了重大成就。中国最高领导人习近平曾表示，中国应该成为“航天大国”。
NASA has also announced a plan to put people — including the first woman and first person of color — on the moon again, with a target of 2025. But the Artemis program, as the plan is known, has faced delays. Both Beijing and Washington have also laid out goals of building a research station on the moon and landing people on Mars.
美国航空航天局(NASA)也宣布了一项计划，于2025年再次将人类送上月球，并将首次包括女性和有色人种在内。这个被称为阿耳忒弥斯登月计划的项目已面临延误。北京和华盛顿都制定了在月球上建立研究站和将人类送上火星的目标。
Space has become another arena for U.S.-China tensions, with echoes of the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. NASA’s administrator, Bill Nelson, has said that the United States should “watch out” for Chinese attempts to dominate the lunar surface and keep Americans out. A Pentagon report last year warned that China could overtake American capabilities in space by 2045.
太空已经成为美中关系紧张的又一个竞技场，让人想起冷战时期美苏之间的太空竞赛。NASA局长比尔·尼尔森曾表示，美国应该“警惕”中国试图控制月球表面并将美国人拒之门外的企图。五角大楼去年的一份报告警告，到2045年，中国可能会在太空领域超越美国。
China’s space program has developed rapidly in recent years, while America’s has often been bogged down by conflicting priorities and changing administrations. China is the only country to have successfully landed on the moon in the 21st century, and in 2019 it also became the first to land a probe on the moon’s far side.
中国的太空计划近年来发展迅速，而美国的太空计划却经常因为相互冲突的优先事项和政府的更替而陷入困境。中国是21世纪唯一成功登月的国家，并在2019年成为第一个在月球背面着陆探测器的国家。
While some have hoped that China and the United States could cooperate on space exploration even as geopolitical tensions rise, a provision in the U.S. law that finances NASA bans direct cooperation with the Chinese space agency or Chinese-owned companies. China has signaled that it will cooperate with Russia on space programs.
尽管一些人希望中美在地缘政治紧张局势加剧的情况下仍然能够在太空探索方面进行合作，但美国为NASA提供资金的法律中有条款禁止与中国国家航天局或中资公司直接合作。中国已表示将与俄罗斯在太空项目上展开合作。
Chris Buckley、Joy Dong对本文有报道贡献。
王月眉(Vivian Wang)是《纽约时报》驻华记者，常驻北京，撰写关于中国的崛起及野心如何塑造普通人日常生活的报道。欢迎在Twitter上关注她：@vwang3。
翻译：纽约时报中文网
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纳闻|真实新闻与历史–「中英」中国宣布计划在2030年实现载人登月